Capital punishment in the Netherlands (Dutch: doodstraf in Nederland) was abolished in 1870 in criminal law after the States General recognised it was "cruel and rude". The bill was introduced by liberal-catholic Minister of Justice Franciscus van Lilaar and debated in both the Senate and House of Representatives for seven days before approval. Following the abolition of the death penalty, life imprisonment was made an official punishment in 1878.
Between 1945 and 1952 several war criminals from World War II were sentenced to death by the Bijzonder Gerechtshof for treason of the State of the Netherlands and the deportation of Dutch Jews. The last persons to be executed under military law were SS officers Andries Jan Pieters and Artur Albrecht in March 1952. Capital punishment remained a legal military option until 1983 when it was explicitly forbidden in the Constitution of the Netherlands. In 1991, all references to the death penalty were removed from Dutch law.
Today the Netherlands operates a clear policy against capital punishment, not participating in extradition if the suspect has a chance of receiving the death penalty.
Video Capital punishment in the Netherlands
Constitution
- Article 114 of the Constitution (Dutch: Grondwet) prohibits sentencing someone to death. This means that as a result, the death penalty does not exist in the Netherlands. It also means that the death penalty cannot be added to future or existing law articles. That would conflict with the Dutch Constitution Law.
Maps Capital punishment in the Netherlands
Death Penalty in the Netherlands today
The Reformed Political Party (Dutch: Staatkundig Gereformeerde Partij, SGP), a Christian right party, supports the reintroduction of the death penalty in the Netherlands. They base this on the Bible, specifically on Genesis 9:6, "Whoso sheddeth man's blood, by man shall his blood be shed: for in the image of God made he man," and Exodus 21:12, "He that smiteth a man, so that he die, shall be surely put to death."
Executed people
References
General note: All sources are in Dutch.
Sources:
- Nationaal Archief, the largest public archive in the Netherlands.
- Archief Ministerie van Justitie, the archive of the Dutch Ministry of Justice.
References:
External links
Media related to Death penalty in the Netherlands at Wikimedia Commons
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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